Author(s):
1. Ilija Stijepić, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2. Vlado Balaban, Univerzitet Palackog, Pedagoški fakultet, Žižkovo náměstí 5, Olomouc, Republika Češka, Czech Republic

Abstract:
Aging is a normal physiological process that is individual and affects the whole organism. The most noticeable changes that occur are the loss of muscle mass and strength, and significant reduction of endurance and bone density. Therefore it can be said that aging is one of the biggest health, social and economic challenges in the 21st century. It has been proven that programmed physical exercise has a long-term effect on maintaining the body functionality, autonomy and independence, preventing falls and overall improvement of health and quality of life. The main goal of this study is to determine the effect of 12 weeks programmed exercises on the motor abilities of people older than 64. The study involved 132 participants of both sex; 62 in experimental gropu and 70 in control group. For the purposes of this study, battery of Senior Fitness Test (SFT) and standard static balance tests were used: One-legged endurance (RIJN), One-legged endurance with eyes closed (RIJNZ) and Tandem balance test (RTTR). Statistical data processing was done with the statistical package SPSS and statistics. The results of the research showed that there`s statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between experimental and control group in motor skills at the final measurement. One-factor analysis of covariance (assessment of motor skills) found a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between experimental and control group in the results of the following variants: FUSTS, FPLTS, FFRP, FPNS, RIJN and RTTR. The value of multivariate indicators Wilks Lambda = 0.656 and Pillai's Trace = 0.349 indicate a statistically significant difference between experimental and control group in motor skills at the final measurement. This research indicates that with adequate training, older people can improve their motor skills. Further research should focus on the analysis and selection of the best training models for elderly.

Key words:
aging,exercise,motor skills,balance,strength,flexibility

Thematic field:
Modern approaches in physiotherapy

Date of abstract submission:
11.03.2022.

Conference:
Međunarodna naučna konferencija - Znanjem do zdravlja SANUS 2022.